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An integral part of the World Health Organization’s work on health emergencies and on environmental health is the provision of policy advice and of assistance to Member States in strengthening their national capacity for preparedness, response and recovery after emergencies. This work contributes to implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) and to achievement of one of the ambitious goals set in the Organization’s Thirteenth Thirteenth Global Program of Work: to improve the health of three billion people by 2023.
As of May 2022, almost half of WHO’s Member States reported that they still lacked essential elements of preparedness for radiation emergencies as part of annual reporting to WHO on the state of core national capacities under the IHR. Essential elements of the public health response to health emergencies include national capability to identify and assess risk, to provide emergency health services and to maintain functional health facilities (e.g., ambulances, hospitals, laboratories, pharmacies), a qualified workforce and sufficient quantities of the necessary medical supplies and devices.
The COVID-19 pandemic and other health emergencies and humanitarian crises have highlighted the need to ensure access to medical supplies and devices for timely, efficient case management (both diagnosis and treatment) of diseases. This can be addressed by establishing national stockpiles of essential medicines and medical devices or through appropriate alternative arrangements for accessing such supplies through agreements with manufacturers or neighbouring countries.
This document describes protocols and practices for ensuring the essential elements of a national stockpile of medical countermeasures for radiation emergencies, particularly of the pharmaceuticals required to treat radiation injuries. It also addresses governance and management of such stockpiles. It supersedes the 2007 WHO report on development of stockpiles for radiation emergencies. It includes updated information on the pharmaceutical elements of stockpiles and additional information on medicines recently approved for clinical management of radiation injuries in several countries.
This publication was produced through the collaboration of a global network of experts and partners. We would like to thank them all for their support to WHO’s mission, thereby helping to increase global preparedness for radiological and nuclear emergencies.
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